Agrometeoros
Frost damage to canola (Brassica napus L.) during reproductive phase in a controlled environment
Resumo
This study evaluated frost-related damage and benefits of cold acclimation during the reproductive phase in canola. Plants were exposed to cold acclimation and frost simulation at the start of flowering, during full flowering, and at the start of grain filling. The following were evaluated: plant mortality, number of viable ovules and silique abortion, floral buds and flowers, number of silique grains, total plant dry matter, number of siliques, total silique abortion, and grain dry matter. Frost caused death in non-acclimated plants and increased abortion in siliques, floral buds, and flowers, thus reducing silique and grain dry matter content. Frost mostly prevented the development of embryos in the siliques, but viable ovules were found in the floral buds and flowers. During their reproductive phase, canola plants have only a limited ability to increase their tolerance to frost damage. Nonetheless, siliques originating from the floral buds and open flowers contained a higher number of grains than siliques after frost exposure. Therefore, from the start of flowering to the start of grain filling, floral buds and flowers are responsible for producing most of the grain dry matter when there is frost occurrence.
Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
PDF (English)Referências
BATTISTI, R.; PILAU, F.G.; SCHWERZ, L.; SOMAVILLA, L.; TOMM, G.O. Dinâmica floral e abortamento de flores em híbridos de canola e mostarda castanha. Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira, v.48, n.2, p.174- 181, 2013.
BURG, M.B.; FERRARIS, J.D. Intracellular organic osmolytes: function and regulation. Journal of Biological Chemistry, n. 283, p. 7309-7313, 2008.
DALMAGO, G.A.; CUNHA, G.R. da; SANTI, A.; PIRES, J.L.F.; MÜLLER, A.L.; BOLIS, L.M. Aclimatação ao frio e dano por geada em canola. Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira, v.45, n.9, p.933-943, 2010.
FOWLER, D.B.; LIMIN, A.E.; RITCHIE, J.T. Low-temperature tolerance in cereals: model and genetic interpretation. Crop Science, n. 39, p. 626- 633, 1999.
FUJIKAWA, S.; JITSUYAMA, Y.; KURODA, K. Determination of the role of cold acclimation-induced diverse changes in plant cells from the viewpoint of avoidance of freezing injury. Journal of Plant Research, n. 112, p. 237-244. 1999.
GUSTA, L.V.; WISNIESKI, M.; NESBITT, N.T.; GUSTA, M.L. The effect of water, sugars, and proteins on the pattern of ice nucleation and propagation in acclimated and nonacclimated canola leaves. Plant Physiology, n. 135, p. 1642-1653, 2004.
HAWKINS, G.P.; DENG, Z.; KUBIK, T.J.; JOHNSON-FLANAGAN, A.M. Characterization of freezing tolerance and vernalization in Vern-, a spring-type Brassica napus line derived from a winter cross. Planta, n. 216, p. 220-226, 2002.
IRIARTE, L.B.; VALETTI, O.E. Cultivo de Colza. 1ed. Buenos Aires, Argentina: Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia Agropecuária – INTA, 2008. 156p.
JOHNSON-FLANAGAN, A.M.; THIAGARAHAH, M.R.; POMEROY, M.K. The impact of freezing during maturation on storage products in canola seeds. Physiologia Plantarum, n.81, p. 301-308, 1991.
LARDON, A; TRIBOI-BLONDEL, A.M. Freezing injury to ovules, pollen and seeds in winter rape. Journal of Experimental Botany, n. 45, p. 1177- 1181, 1994.
LARDON, A.; TRIBOI-BLONDEL, A.M. Cold and freeze stress at flowering: effects on seed yields in winter rapeseed. Field Crops Research, n. 44, p. 95-101, 1995.
LEVITT, J. Responses of Plants to Environmental Stresses. 1ed. New York, USA: Academic Press, 1972. 497p.
LEVITT, J. Responses of Plants to Environmental Stresses. 2ed. New York, USA: Academic Press, 1980. 606p.
MAHFOOZI, S.; LIMIN, A.E.; FOWLER, D.B. Developmental regulation of low temperature tolerance in winter wheat. Annals of Botany, n. 87, p. 751-757, 2001.
McCLINCHEY, S.L.; KOTT, L.S. Production of mutants with high cold tolerance in spring canola (Brassica napus). Euphytica, n. 162, p. 51-67, 2008.
OUELLET, F.; CARPENTIER, É.; COPE, M.J.T.V.; MONROY, A.F.; SARHAN, F. Regulation of a wheat actin-depolymerizing factor during cold acclimation. Plant Physiology, n. 125, p. 360-368, 2001.
OUELLET, F.; CHARRON, J. In: Encyclopedia of Life Science. Cold acclimation and freezing tolerance in plants. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., 2013.
PEARCE, R.S. Plant freezing and damage. Annals of Botany, n. 87, p. 417-424, 2001.
RAPACZ, M. Frost resistance and cold acclimation abilities of spring-type oilseed rape. Plant Science, n. 147, p. 55-64, 1999.
RAPACZ, M.; TOKARZ, K.; JANOWIAK, F. The initiation of elongation growth during long-term low-temperature stay of spring-type oilseed rape may trigger loss of frost resistance and changes in photosynthetic apparatus. Plant Science, n. 161, p. 221-230, 2001.
RIFE, C.L.; ZENAILI, H. Cold tolerance in oilseed rape over varying acclimation durations. Crop Science, n. 43, p. 96-100, 2003.
SILVA, E.P. da; CUNHA, G.R. da; PIRES, J.L.F.; DALMAGO, G.A.; PASINATO, A. Fatores abióticos envolvidos na tolerância de trigo à geada. Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira, v. 43, n.10, p.1257-1265, 2008.
THOMASHOW, M.F. Plant cold acclimation: freezing tolerance genes and regulatory mechanisms. Annual Review of Plant Physiology and Plant Molecular Biology, n. 50, p. 571-599. 1999.
TRISCHUK, R.G.; SCHILLING, B.S.; LOW, N.H.; GRAY, G.R.; GUSTA, L.V. Cold acclimation, de-acclimation and re-acclimation of spring canola, winter canola and winter wheat: the role of carbohydrates, cold-induced stress proteins and vernalization. Environmental and Experimental Botany, n. 106, p. 156-163, 2014.
UEMURA, M.; WARREN, G.; STEPONKUS, P.L. Freezing sensitivity in the sfr4 mutant of Arabidopsis is due to low sugar content and is manifested by loss of osmotic responsiveness. Plant Physiology, n. 131, p. 1800- 1807, 2003.
VOGG, G.; HEIM, R.; HANSEN. J.; SCHÄFER, C.; BECK, E. Frost hardening and photosynthetic performance of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) needles. I. Seasonal changes in the photosynthetic apparatus and its function. Planta, n. 204, p. 193-200, 1998.
WILEN, R.W.; GUSTA, L.V.; LEI, B.; ABRAMS, S.R.; EWAN, B.E. Effects of abscisic acid (ABA) and ABA analogs on freezing tolerance, low-temperature growth, and flowering in rapeseed. Journal of Plant Growth Regulation, n. 13, p. 235-241, 1994.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.31062/agrom.v27i2.26463
Apontamentos
- Não há apontamentos.
Embrapa Trigo
Rodovia BR-285, km 294, Caixa Postal: 3081
CEP 99050-970 Passo Fundo/RS